AGV or AMR: Choosing Mobile Robot Technology
The difference in one line
An AGV follows a fixed path: magnetic tape, QR markers, rails. An AMR navigates using its own sensors and a map, and can be rerouted by software. The choice affects installation cost, flexibility and how much infrastructure you commit to.
| Criterion | AGV | AMR |
|---|---|---|
| Installation | Floor markers or rails | Map the site, no floor works |
| Change of layout | Re-lay the path | Re-map the area |
| Cost per vehicle | Usually lower | Usually higher |
| Traffic at scale | Simple, predictable | Needs a fleet manager |
| Environment | Stable, clean routes | More tolerant of change |
How to choose
- If the route will never change, an AGV is often cheaper over five years.
- If the layout or product mix changes yearly, an AMR avoids repeated civil work.
- For high throughput, evaluate the fleet manager before the vehicle.
- Check the safety standard the vehicle is certified to, and the site rules for pedestrians.