Robot Payload and Reach: Reading the Data Sheet
The concepts
| Parameter | Means | Trap |
|---|---|---|
| Rated payload | Maximum mass under stated conditions | Excludes tool weight and offset |
| Maximum reach | Furthest point of the flange | Does not subtract the tool length |
| Allowable offset | Limit when the centre of gravity moves | Most tools are offset |
| Dynamic performance | Acceleration capability | Depends on load, not just the arm |
Sizing rule
Estimate payload as tool plus workpiece plus margin, and keep 30–40% in reserve for a full-shift cycle. Calculate reach at the furthest point of the task and keep critical operations near the middle of the envelope.